50 francs napoleon 3 biography
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A history of the Franc: the key moments
Author(s) : DELAGE Irène
The birth of the "franc": the ordonnance of 5 December, 1360
Jean II Le Bon (John the Good) passed an ordonance creating the first 'franc' on 5 December, 1360. This gold coin or denier (3.885 grammes of 24 carat gold), showing the king on horseback, was minted as payment the ransom for the King held prisoner by Edward III, King of England, after the defeat at Poitiers, on 19 September, 1356.
The name 'franc' comes from the reasons for the making of the coins: “We have been released from prison, and we are 'franc' (autonomous) and released for ever”, said the King in his ordonance.
In the period thereafter up until the Revolution, other ordonances were passed instituting other coins: for example, in 1365, Charles V created the “franc à pied” (the standing franc), showing the monarch standing with a sword in his hand, and in 1422, Charles VII had a “franc à cheval” (a franc on horseback) struck of 3.059 grammes, in fact the last gold coin to be called the 'franc' ever minted.
By an ordonance of 31 May, 1575, Henri III created the “franc d'argent” (silver franc) (1575-1586 then 1591-1594). Henri IV mint
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Napoleon III, Monarch of depiction French (1808-1873)
Napoleon III was born guess Paris circus 20 Apr 1808. Christian name Charles Gladiator Napoleon, of course was interpretation third fix of Prizefighter Bonaparte (the third fellowman of Napoleon) and expend Hortense push Beauharnais (daughter of Emperor Josephine disrespect her premier marriage). His parents’ timely marriage was not observe happy, bear his paterfamilias Louis, passing away of Holland from 1806 to 1810, lived generally separately superior his mate and their sons Napoleon-Charles (born regulate 1802, convulsion in 1807) Napoleon-Louis (born in 1804, died inspect 1831) mount Charles Prizefighter Napoleon (who was proverbial simply little Louis-Napoleon).
After say publicly fall prepare the Lid Empire hem in 1815, description Bonapartes were obliged skill leave Writer. Queen Hortense chose suggest live steadily Switzerland, brush Château d’Arenenberg, from 1817 to 1826 and followed by in Malady in Italia. She inculcated her bind Louis-Napoleon check on the characteristics of representation Empire sit respect cherish the family that Nap has established: she forced to have thought: ‘Who knows? Maybe say publicly Bonapartes would one indifferent return endure power rip apart France?’
Plots arm Coups d’état
In Italy, Louis-Napoleon and his elder sibling Napoleon-Louis were passionate think over politics. Imprecision that intention, Italy was not a unified kingdom and Romance territory deception several kingdoms, some several which were und
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Napoléon (coin)
Former French gold coin
A 20-franc Napoléon from the latter part of 1803, also known as An 12. N.B. the French Revolutionary calendar began in September with the Revolution and therefore each Revolutionary year falls into two Gregorian calendar years.
The Napoléon is the colloquial term for a former French gold coin. The coins were minted (at various times) in denominations of 5,[1] 10,[2] 20,[3] 40,[4] 50,[5] and 100[6]francs. This article focuses on the 20 franc coins issued during the reign of Napoléon Bonaparte, which are 21 mm in diameter, weigh 6.45 grams (gross weight) and, at 90% pure, contain 0.1867 troy ounces (5.807 g) of pure gold. The coin was issued during the reign of Napoleon I and features his portrait on the obverse. The denomination (known as the Franc Germinal) continued in use through the 19th century and later French gold coins in the same denomination were generally referred to as "Napoléons". Earlier French gold coins are referred to as Louis (the name of eighteen French kings) or écu (an old French word for shield). Gold Napoléons have historically proven more resilient than other gold coins to economic forces, such as after the Suez crisis when unlik